| Name of the Instrument/Tool | Knowledge and Attitudes of Pain (KNAP) |
| First Description |
Beetsma AJ, Reezigt RR, Paap D, Reneman MF. Assessing future health care practitioners' knowledge and attitudes of musculoskeletal pain; development and measurement properties of a new questionnaire. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2020 Dec;50:102236. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102236. Epub 2020 Aug 21. PMID: 32927256. |
| Year | 2020 |
| Domains | |
| Concept of constructs | Attitudes towards pain, Knowledge about pain |
| Population/Disease | Generic |
| Originally developed for | Any RMD |
| Other rheumatic diseases where can be applied (only if validated) |
--- |
| Additional population with no rheumatic diseases |
No |
| Language: Originally published in | English |
| Available in Language | --- |
| REFERENCE IDENTIFICATION | |
| Author/s | Beetsma AJ, Reezigt RR, Paap D, Reneman MF. |
| Title | Assessing future health care practitioners' knowledge and attitudes of musculoskeletal pain; development and measurement properties of a new questionnaire. |
| Journal | Musculoskelet Sci Pract. |
| Year | 2020 |
| Vol | 50 |
| Num | --- |
| Pages | 102236 |
| Country | The Netherlands |
| Language | English |
| Other references of interest | |
| No other References. | |
| Instrument/Tool Translations References | |
| No other References. | |
| DEVELOPER CONTACT INFORMATION | |
| Correspondence to | A.J. Beetsma |
| a.j.beetsma@pl.hanze.nl | |
| Address | Department of Health Care Studies, School for Physiotherapy, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, P.O. Box 70030, 9714, CA, the Netherlands |
| Website | --- |
| Available | --- |
| Links | --- |
| DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTRUMENT | |
| Type Of Measure | Questionnaire |
| Brief Description |
KNAP s is a 30-item questionnaire for health care professionals, assessing knowledge and attitudes of modern pain neuroscience.. Itaims to assess both knowledge about modern pain science and biopsychosocial attitudes towards pain in HCPs. Examples of statements are; ‘Pain sensitivity can persist, even if there is no longer an injury or tissue damage, ‘Unexplained pain is not real pain’, ‘Exercise is a good treatment option in persistent pain’, ‘Correcting poor posture reduces persistent pain’. |
| Number of Items | KNAP contains 34 items, and each scored on a six-point Likert scale to indicate the extent to which they agree with the statement |
| Range | 34-234 |
| Responses options/scale |
Yes 1. completely disagree - 6. completely agree. |
| Developed for | Research, Clinical practice |
| PRACTICAL APPLICATION | |
| Method of administration | Self-administered |
| Recommendations to score |
The total score can range from 34 to 204 points. |
| Score Interpretation | A higher score indicates knowledge and attitudes better reflecting modern pain neuroscience |
| Cut-off points | --- |
| Cut-off points applied to | --- |
| Smallest detectable change if described | --- |
| Smallest detectable change applied to | --- |
| Completion time by the patient | - minutes |
| Scoring time by the assessor | - minutes |
| Training to score | Not necessary |
| Strengths | Useful in clinical practice & research |
| Limitations | --- |
| OTHER COMMENTS | |
| Other Comments |
The KNAP has adequate measurement properties to evaluate future HCPs’ knowledge and attitudes of modern pain neuroscience. When applying the instrument in practice, it should be mentioned; 'please rate the items with modern pain neuroscience in mind; so not only chronic/persistent pain'. |