| Name of the Instrument/Tool | Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) |
| First Description |
Williams GN, Gangel TJ, Arciero RA, et al. Comparison of the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation method and two shoulder rating scales. Outcomes measures after shoulder surgery. Am J Sports Med. 1999 Mar-Apr;27(2):214-21. |
| Year | 1999 |
| Domains | |
| Concept of constructs | Functional status |
| Population/Disease | Generic |
| Originally developed for | --- |
| Other rheumatic diseases where can be applied (only if validated) |
Osteoarthritis (OA), Elbow disorders |
| Additional population with no rheumatic diseases |
Yes hand surgery |
| Language: Originally published in | English |
| Available in Language | --- |
| REFERENCE IDENTIFICATION | |
| Author/s | Williams GN, Gangel TJ, Arciero RA, Uhorchak JM, Taylor DC |
| Title | Comparison of the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation method and two shoulder rating scales. Outcomes measures after shoulder surgery |
| Journal | Am J Sports Med |
| Year | 1999 |
| Vol | 27 |
| Num | 2 |
| Pages | 214-21 |
| Country | USA |
| Language | English |
| Other references of interest | |
| Link | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30852146/ |
| Brief Description |
Clinimetrics: Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation |
| Link | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31448305/ |
| Brief Description |
Correlation of Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) with other Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) |
| Link | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32858378/ |
| Brief Description |
Psychometric properties of the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) in patients with shoulder conditions. A systematic review |
| Instrument/Tool Translations References | |
| No other References. | |
| DEVELOPER CONTACT INFORMATION | |
| Correspondence to | Glenn N Williams |
| glennwms@udel.edu | |
| Address | Department of Mechanical Engineering Research, Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Delaware, 126 Spencer Laboratory, Newark, DE 19716, USA. |
| Website | --- |
| Available | --- |
| Links | --- |
| DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTRUMENT | |
| Type Of Measure | Scale |
| Brief Description |
The SANE is a single-item patient reported outcome, that measures patient function. The SANE scale asks patients to specify the current status of their injured body part. Patients rate their current illness score in relation to their pre-injury baseline. |
| Number of Items | Higher scores indicate better outcomes |
| Range | 0-100 |
| Responses options/scale |
No |
| Developed for | --- |
| PRACTICAL APPLICATION | |
| Method of administration | Self-administered, Interviewer/assessor |
| Recommendations to score |
The SANE rating is determined by the written response to the following question: “How would you rate your shoulder today as a percentage of normal (0% to 100% scale with 100% being normal)?” Patients are instructed to provide SANE ratings in whole numbers. |
| Score Interpretation | Higher scores indicate better shoulder function |
| Cut-off points | --- |
| Cut-off points applied to | --- |
| Smallest detectable change if described | --- |
| Smallest detectable change applied to | --- |
| Completion time by the patient | - minutes |
| Scoring time by the assessor | - minutes |
| Training to score | Not necessary |
| Strengths | Easy to use, Useful in clinical practice & research |
| Limitations | --- |
| OTHER COMMENTS | |
| Other Comments |
Very good to excellent quality evidence from nine studies indicated that there are emerging evidence that the SANE scale is a reliable, valid and responsive patient-reported outcome measure in patients with shoulder related pathologies |