| MEASUREMENT PROPERTIES | |
| Limitations | >=5 European languages (English) |
| Observations |
The questionnaire has been translated in at least 25 languages, many of which are available for download (https://www.cmu.edu/dietrich/psychology/stress-immunity-disease-lab/scales/index.html). |
| 1. RELIABILITY | |
| A. Internal Consistency | Tested |
| Cronbach's (Describe) |
Cronbach's α correlations for the PSS-14 from samples tested in the original publication were high (r = 0.84-0.86). A meta-analysis of the PSS psychometric properties found that Cronbach's α was greater than 0.70 (the established cutoff for minimum measure of internal consistency) for both the PSS-14 and PSS-10 in all studies in which it was evaluated. In contrast, the reported Cronbach's α was below the acceptable cutoff in half of the six studies in which the PSS-4 was evaluated. |
| B. Reliability intraobserver or test-retest | Tested |
| Continuous scores: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) Dichotomus: Cohen kappa (Describe) |
Correlations over 2 days (r = 0.85) and 4 weeks suggest that PSS scores reflect stable individual differences during short time intervals, whereas the test-retest reliability was not satisfactory when studied over an interval of 6 weeks (r = 0.55). |
| C. Reliability interobserver or Measurement error | Not Tested |
| Standard error of measurement (SEM), smallest detectable change (SDC) or Limits of agreement (LoA) (Describe) |
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| 2. VALIDITY | |
| A. Content validity: face validity | Not Tested |
| Expert opinion (relevance and comprehensiveness) (Describe) |
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| B. Construct Validity: Structural validity |
Not Tested |
| Hypotheses-testing | Tested |
| Cross-cultural validity | Not Tested |
| Brief Description | |
| C. Criterion validity | Not Tested |
| Comparison with a 'gold standard' Continuous scores: correlations, ROC curves Dichotomus: Sensitivity & Specificity (Describe) |
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