VALIDATION DATA

MEASUREMENT PROPERTIES
Limitations >=5 European languages (English)
Observations
1. RELIABILITY
A. Internal Consistency Tested
Cronbach's (Describe)

The LLFI has high internal consistency (Cronbach’s = 0.91)

B. Reliability intraobserver or test-retest Tested
Continuous scores: intraclass
correlation coefficient (ICC)
Dichotomus: Cohen kappa (Describe)

High test–retest reliability (ICC2.1 = 0.97)

C. Reliability interobserver or Measurement error Tested
Standard error of measurement (SEM),
smallest detectable change (SDC) or
Limits of agreement (LoA) (Describe)

Standard error of the measurement= 2.84

2. VALIDITY
A. Content validity: face validity Tested
Expert opinion (relevance and
comprehensiveness) (Describe)

Face and content validity were assessed through the patient focus group, panel feedback, and readability scores.

B. Construct Validity:
Structural validity
Tested
Hypotheses-testing Tested
Cross-cultural validity Tested
Brief Description

Factor analysis indicated a single-factor structure for the LLFI, with all three a priori criteria met: suitable scree plot, eigenvalue 1.0, and variances 10%

C. Criterion validity Tested
Comparison with a 'gold standard' Continuous scores:
correlations, ROC curves Dichotomus:
Sensitivity & Specificity (Describe)

Criterion-related validity was assessed through Pearson r coefficient for concurrently completed LLFI and LEFS responses, r= 0.88.