| MEASUREMENT PROPERTIES | |
| Limitations | >=5 European languages (English) |
| Observations | |
| 1. RELIABILITY | |
| A. Internal Consistency | Tested |
| Cronbach's (Describe) |
Cronbach’s alpha = 0.925 |
| B. Reliability intraobserver or test-retest | Tested |
| Continuous scores: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) Dichotomus: Cohen kappa (Describe) |
Test-retest showed moderate agreement for all questions when comparing baseline and the first follow-up (kappa 0.54-0.65) and greater consistency between the two follow-up questionnaires (kappa 0.65-0.75). |
| C. Reliability interobserver or Measurement error | Not Tested |
| Standard error of measurement (SEM), smallest detectable change (SDC) or Limits of agreement (LoA) (Describe) |
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| 2. VALIDITY | |
| A. Content validity: face validity | Tested |
| Expert opinion (relevance and comprehensiveness) (Describe) |
Content validity was investigated using the proportion of participants that had missing responses, and that gave “not applicable” responses based on the assumption that they perceived these items/questions not to be relevant. Most participants did not use the response “not applicable”. For all participants, between 5 and 22 (0.9–3.8%) gave a “not applicable” response to at least 1 of the 6 PEI questions. |
| B. Construct Validity: Structural validity |
Tested |
| Hypotheses-testing | Tested |
| Cross-cultural validity | Tested |
| Brief Description |
CFA showed the 1-factor PEI model had approximate fit to the data for all 4 groups, with all SRMR values < 0.08, and standardized residual correlations were small (< 0.10, with 2 exceptions that were close to 0.10). This supports the construct validity of the PEI. |
| C. Criterion validity | Not Tested |
| Comparison with a 'gold standard' Continuous scores: correlations, ROC curves Dichotomus: Sensitivity & Specificity (Describe) |
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