| MEASUREMENT PROPERTIES | |
| Limitations | <5 European languages (English) |
| Observations | |
| 1. RELIABILITY | |
| A. Internal Consistency | Tested |
| Cronbach's (Describe) |
This scale has good internal consistency , Cronbach's alpha was 0.93. Item-total correlations range was 0.66 to 0.83. |
| B. Reliability intraobserver or test-retest | Tested |
| Continuous scores: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) Dichotomus: Cohen kappa (Describe) |
For those patients reporting no change in AS-specific health at 2 weeks (n=323), the ICC was 0.77 (95% confidence interval: 0.72, 0.81). For those reporting no change in general health (n=319), the ICC was 0.78 (95% confidence interval: 0.73, 0.82) |
| C. Reliability interobserver or Measurement error | Not Tested |
| Standard error of measurement (SEM), smallest detectable change (SDC) or Limits of agreement (LoA) (Describe) |
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| 2. VALIDITY | |
| A. Content validity: face validity | Not Tested |
| Expert opinion (relevance and comprehensiveness) (Describe) |
For the original ASES, a rheumatologist generated 23 original items; these items were refined, and an additional 20 items added following 3 focus groups of people with arthritis. |
| B. Construct Validity: Structural validity |
Tested |
| Hypotheses-testing | Tested |
| Cross-cultural validity | Not Tested |
| Brief Description |
Initial validation sample of the ASES (n =97) produced a 2-factor solution (other symptoms, function) using 25 items. The replication study (n = 144) produced a 3-factor solution (pain, other symptoms, function) using 20 items. Developers stated that the choice between the 2 and 3 factor solution was arbitrary, and they based the decision on the importance of pain and the performance of the other symptoms subscale in regard to depression. For the ASES-8, exploratory factor analysis for the entire sample and in all 12 subgroups demonstrated a one factor solution (factor loadings: 0.61 to 0.89). The results of comparisons of the ASES-AS with other measures provided acceptable evidence in support of the construct validity of the modified measure. |
| C. Criterion validity | Not Tested |
| Comparison with a 'gold standard' Continuous scores: correlations, ROC curves Dichotomus: Sensitivity & Specificity (Describe) |
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