| Name of the Instrument/Tool | Short Western Ontario and McMaster osteoarthritis index, WOMAC (ShortMAC) |
| First Description |
Whitehouse SL, Lingard EA, Katz JN, Learmonth ID. Development and testing of a reduced WOMAC function scale. The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. 2003;85:706- 711. |
| Year | 2003 |
| Domains | |
| Concept of constructs | Physical function |
| Population/Disease | Disease specific |
| Originally developed for | Osteoarthritis (OA) |
| Other rheumatic diseases where can be applied (only if validated) |
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) |
| Additional population with no rheumatic diseases |
No |
| Language: Originally published in | --- |
| Available in Language | Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Hebrew |
| REFERENCE IDENTIFICATION | |
| Author/s | Whitehouse SL, Lingard EA, Katz JN, Learmonth ID. |
| Title | Development and testing of a reduced WOMAC function scale. |
| Journal | The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. |
| Year | 2003 |
| Vol | 85 |
| Num | --- |
| Pages | 706-711 |
| Country | UK |
| Language | --- |
| Other references of interest | |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3068365 |
| Brief Description |
Validation study of WOMAC in OA. |
| Link | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320568472_The_Short … |
| Brief Description |
Report of some psychometric properties of the ShortMAC. |
| Link | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6545543_Validation_ … |
| Brief Description |
Validation of one of the parts of the ShortMAC (WOMAC- F) |
| Instrument/Tool Translations References | |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12447629 |
| Brief Description |
Validation of the Spanish version of the WOMAC questionnaire for patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis. |
| DEVELOPER CONTACT INFORMATION | |
| Correspondence to | I. D. Learmonth, FRCS, Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, |
| --- | |
| Address | University of Bristol, Winford Unit, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK. |
| Website | --- |
| Available | --- |
| Links |
The WOMAC is a proprietary health status questionnaire protected by copyright and trademark. To obtain permission to use the WOMAC for research purposes, a request can be submitted at www.womac .org. Licensing processes and costs are determined on the basis of information specific to each research project |
| DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTRUMENT | |
| Type Of Measure | Questionnaire, Scale |
| Brief Description |
The WOMAC consists of 24 items divided into 3 subscales: Pain (5 items); Stiffness (2 items); Physical Function (17 items) ShortMAC consists of 7-item reduced WOMAC-F plus 5-item WOMAC-P: a 12-item questionnaire |
| Number of Items | 12 |
| Range | 0-120 |
| Responses options/scale |
No |
| Developed for | Both |
| PRACTICAL APPLICATION | |
| Method of administration | Self-administered |
| Recommendations to score |
The WOMAC is typically scored by hand. On the Likert Scale version, the scores are summed for items in each subscale. On the Visual Analog version, a ruler is used to measure the distance (in mm) from the left end marker to the patient's mark. |
| Score Interpretation | Higher scores on the ShortMAC indicate worse pain, and functional limitations |
| Cut-off points | --- |
| Cut-off points applied to | --- |
| Smallest detectable change if described | --- |
| Smallest detectable change applied to | --- |
| Completion time by the patient | 3 minutes |
| Scoring time by the assessor | 2 minutes |
| Training to score | Not necessary |
| Strengths | Useful in clinical practice & research |
| Limitations | Copyrighted |
| OTHER COMMENTS | |
| Other Comments | --- |