VALIDATION DATA

MEASUREMENT PROPERTIES
Limitations >=5 European languages (English)
Observations
1. RELIABILITY
A. Internal Consistency Tested
Cronbach's (Describe)

The original scale has moderate internal consistency (Cronbach’s a 0.71–0.80 for long version and 0.56–0.83 for short version). These moderate reliabilities were obtained despite the small number of items on each of the scales and the inventory’s true-false format (which limits the range of responding). 

B. Reliability intraobserver or test-retest Tested
Continuous scores: intraclass
correlation coefficient (ICC)
Dichotomus: Cohen kappa (Describe)

Except for the disability subscale, the r values fell between 0.7 and 0.9 (high correlation). For the paired t test, all subscales (except for control and medication) had a P value greater than 0.05, confirming their test-retest stability.

C. Reliability interobserver or Measurement error Not Tested
Standard error of measurement (SEM),
smallest detectable change (SDC) or
Limits of agreement (LoA) (Describe)
2. VALIDITY
A. Content validity: face validity Not Tested
Expert opinion (relevance and
comprehensiveness) (Describe)
B. Construct Validity:
Structural validity
Tested
Hypotheses-testing Tested
Cross-cultural validity Tested
Brief Description

The factor structure of the SOPA was examined using a principal components analysis with varimax rotation. While 12 eigenvalues were greater than 1.0, the first 6 factors alone accounted for 48.27% of the total variance. 

C. Criterion validity Not Tested
Comparison with a 'gold standard' Continuous scores:
correlations, ROC curves Dichotomus:
Sensitivity & Specificity (Describe)