VALIDATION DATA

MEASUREMENT PROPERTIES
Limitations >=5 European languages (English)
Observations
1. RELIABILITY
A. Internal Consistency Tested
Cronbach's (Describe)

This scale has acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.82–0.91)

B. Reliability intraobserver or test-retest Tested
Continuous scores: intraclass
correlation coefficient (ICC)
Dichotomus: Cohen kappa (Describe)

Test–retest reliability coefficients for PSE was 0.87, for FSE was 0.85, and for OSE was 0.90

C. Reliability interobserver or Measurement error Not Tested
Standard error of measurement (SEM),
smallest detectable change (SDC) or
Limits of agreement (LoA) (Describe)
2. VALIDITY
A. Content validity: face validity Tested
Expert opinion (relevance and
comprehensiveness) (Describe)

A rheumatologist generated 23 original items; these items were refined, and an additional 20 items added following 3 focus groups of people with arthritis. 

B. Construct Validity:
Structural validity
Tested
Hypotheses-testing Tested
Cross-cultural validity Tested
Brief Description

Initial validation sample (n =97) produced a 2-factor solution (other symptoms, function) using 25 items. The replication study (n = 144) produced a 3-factor solution (pain, other symptoms, function) using 20 items. Developers stated that the choice between the 2 and 3 factor solution was arbitrary, and they based the decision on the importance of pain and the performance of the other  symptoms subscale in regard to depression.

C. Criterion validity Not Tested
Comparison with a 'gold standard' Continuous scores:
correlations, ROC curves Dichotomus:
Sensitivity & Specificity (Describe)