| Name of the Instrument/Tool | Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES) |
| First Description |
Lorig K, Chastain RL, Ung E, Shoor S, Holman HR. Development and evaluation of a scale to measure perceived self‐efficacy in people with arthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatology. 1989;32(1):37-44. |
| Year | 1989 |
| Domains | |
| Concept of constructs | Self-management |
| Population/Disease | Generic |
| Originally developed for | Fibromyalgia (FM), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Osteoarthritis (OA) |
| Other rheumatic diseases where can be applied (only if validated) |
--- |
| Additional population with no rheumatic diseases |
No |
| Language: Originally published in | English |
| Available in Language | German, English, Spanish, Chinese, Dutch, Swedish, Turkish |
| REFERENCE IDENTIFICATION | |
| Author/s | Lorig K, Chastain RL, Ung E, Shoor S, Holman HR |
| Title | Development and evaluation of a scale to measure perceived self-efficacy in people with arthritis |
| Journal | Arthritis Rheum |
| Year | 1989 |
| Vol | 32 |
| Num | 1 |
| Pages | 37-44 |
| Country | USA |
| Language | English |
| Other references of interest | |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10204758 |
| Brief Description |
The relationship of arthritis self-efficacy to daily pain, daily mood, and daily pain coping in rheumatoid arthritis patients. |
| Link | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29258726/ |
| Brief Description |
This SLR aims to to identify, appraise and synthesise the outcome measures used to assess self-management in patients with chronic pain |
| Instrument/Tool Translations References | |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1439373 |
| Brief Description |
Evaluation of a Swedish version of the Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale. Scand J Caring Sci 1992;6:131–8. |
| DEVELOPER CONTACT INFORMATION | |
| Correspondence to | Kate Lorig |
| Lorig@Stanford.edu; self-management@stanford.edu | |
| Address | Stanford Patient Education Research Center 1000 Welch Road, Suite 204 Palo Alto CA 94304 |
| Website | http://patienteducation.stanford.edu/ |
| Available | --- |
| Links |
http://patienteducation.stanford.edu/research/searthritis.pdf |
| DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTRUMENT | |
| Type Of Measure | Questionnaire |
| Brief Description |
The ASES was developed to measure patients’ arthritis-specific self-efficacy, or patients’ beliefs that they could perform specific tasks or behaviors to cope with the consequences of arthritis. It remains the most widely used arthritis-specific measure. It was measures three SM constructs: pain self-efficacy (five items), function self-efficacy (nine items) and other symptoms self-efficacy (six items). The subscales should not be combined. |
| Number of Items | Original ASES has 20 items in 3 subscales: self-efficacy for managing pain (PSE), 5 items; selfefficacy for physical function (FSE), 9 items; and selfefficacy for controlling other symptoms (OSE), 6 items. A shorter 8-item version of the ASES is available |
| Range | 1-10 for each subscale |
| Responses options/scale |
Yes 1–10 scale (recommended). From ‘1 = very uncertain’ to ‘10 = very certain’. |
| Developed for | Clinical practice, Research |
| PRACTICAL APPLICATION | |
| Method of administration | Self-administered |
| Recommendations to score |
Each subscale is scored separately by taking the mean score of the items. For the shorter 8-item scale, the score is the mean of the eight items. |
| Score Interpretation | Higher scores indicate higher self-efficacy. |
| Cut-off points | Respondents that rate 7 or above are more likely to accomplish the behavior than those who rate below 7. Suggested to report the percent of the population at 7 or above at baseline and at post test to get an idea if SE is really improving. |
| Cut-off points applied to | --- |
| Smallest detectable change if described | not available |
| Smallest detectable change applied to | --- |
| Completion time by the patient | <10 minutes |
| Scoring time by the assessor | 0 minutes |
| Training to score | Not necessary |
| Strengths | Useful in clinical practice & research, Easy to use, Widely used |
| Limitations | --- |
| OTHER COMMENTS | |
| Other Comments |
Self-Efficacy Scale (SES) is a variant of the ASES for other diseases; it is a 11-item scale that was developed by using pain and other symptoms subscales of the original ASES. Each item can be rated using a 10-point graphic/numeric rating for example, ‘1 (or 10) = very uncertain’ to ‘10 (or 100) = very certain’. The phrase ‘arthritis pain’ is usually changed according to the specific disease population, for example, ‘chronic pain’ or ‘back pain’. |