| Name of the Instrument/Tool | Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) |
| First Description |
Fries JF, Spitz P, Kraines G, Holman H. Measurement of Patient Outcome in Arthritis, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 1980, 23:137-145. |
| Year | 1980 |
| Domains | |
| Concept of constructs | Health related quality of life, Physical function |
| Population/Disease | Disease specific |
| Originally developed for | Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Osteoarthritis (OA) |
| Other rheumatic diseases where can be applied (only if validated) |
Autoinflammatory diseases, Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Fibromyalgia (FM), Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIM), Gout, Inflammatory arthritis (IA), ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), Osteoarthritis (OA), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), Plaque psoriasis |
| Additional population with no rheumatic diseases |
Yes normal aging populations |
| Language: Originally published in | English |
| Available in Language | Swedish, German, Korean, Italian, Danish, Portuguese, Russian, French, Slovak, Arabic, Finnish, Hungarian, Spanish, Dutch, Turkish, Norwegian, Serbian, Romanian |
| REFERENCE IDENTIFICATION | |
| Author/s | Fries JF, Spitz P, Kraines RG, Holman HR |
| Title | Measurement of patient Outcomes in arthritis |
| Journal | Arthritis and Rheumatism |
| Year | 1980 |
| Vol | 23 |
| Num | 2 |
| Pages | 137-145 |
| Country | USA |
| Language | English |
| Other references of interest | |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12831398 |
| Brief Description |
The Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire: dimensions and practical applications. |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20559736 |
| Brief Description |
Application of the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index to various rheumatic diseases. |
| Instrument/Tool Translations References | |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12831398 |
| Brief Description |
The Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire: dimensions and practical applications. |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14673964 |
| Brief Description |
Validation of a Japanese version of the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire in 3,763 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. |
| Link | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8014941 |
| Brief Description |
Spanish version of the Health Assessment Questionnaire: reliability, validity and transcultural equivalency. |
| DEVELOPER CONTACT INFORMATION | |
| Correspondence to | James F. Fries |
| jff@stanford.edu | |
| Address | Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University Medical Center, 1000 Welch Road, Suite 203, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1808 |
| Website | http://aramis. stanford.edu/HAQ.html |
| Available | --- |
| Links |
The HAQ is copyrighted by Stanford University for the purpose of insuring that it will be used unmodified to preserve the validity of its results and contribute to standardization of assessment across studies. However, it is considered to be in the public domain, with the request that users cite relevant HAQ articles(s) in their publications. There is no charge from Stanford for permission to use the English version of the HAQ. However, other groups that have independently translated the HAQ may charge for their versions. |
| DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTRUMENT | |
| Type Of Measure | Questionnaire |
| Brief Description |
The HAQ measures difficulty in performing activities of daily living. It assesses difficulty over the past week in 20 specific functions that are grouped into 8 categories: dressing and grooming, arising, eating, walking, personal hygiene, reaching, gripping, and other activities. It was specifically developed for use among adults ith arthritis, but it has since been used in a wide range of populations. It is the most widely used functional measure in rheumatology. |
| Number of Items | 20 items covering 8 subscales . In addition, the use of personal assistance, assistive aids, or devices is measured |
| Range | 0-3 |
| Responses options/scale |
Yes and 3 = unable to do |
| Developed for | Research |
| PRACTICAL APPLICATION | |
| Method of administration | Self-administered |
| Recommendations to score |
The highest score within a category is used as the category score. Dependence on physical assistance or equipment raises the category score to 2. The HAQ score is calculated as the mean of the 8 category scores. The overall score is not calculated if fewer than 6 category scores are completed. |
| Score Interpretation | Higher scores reflect more activity limitation. Scores of 0 to 1 are generally considered to represent mild to moderate difficulty, 1 to 2 moderate to severe disability, and 2 to 3 severe to very severe disability. |
| Cut-off points | --- |
| Cut-off points applied to | --- |
| Smallest detectable change if described | 0.6 |
| Smallest detectable change applied to | --- |
| Completion time by the patient | <10 minutes |
| Scoring time by the assessor | <10 minutes |
| Training to score | Not necessary |
| Strengths | Useful in clinical practice & research, Widely used |
| Limitations | Floor effect, Lengthy |
| OTHER COMMENTS | |
| Other Comments | --- |